Definitions of BiPV, Notions of Architectural Integration

The acronym (Building Integrated Photovoltaics) refers to systems and concepts in which photovoltaics, as well as having the function of producing electricity, also takes on the role of building element.

By building element we mean the parts of the envelope of buildings (roof cover, wall facing, glazed surfaces), solar protection devices (sunshadings), additional architectural elements (canopies, balcony parapets, etc.) and any other architectural element necessary for the good functioning of a building (visual and acoustic shielding).

The PV plant must have high architectural quality.

The criteria for achieving this quality defined by the International Energy Agency Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme are:

natural integration of PV systems,  PV systems that are architecturally pleasing within the context of the building, good material and colour composition, PV systems that adapt well to overall modularity, the visual aspect of the grid which is in harmony with the building and creates a satisfactory composition,  PV systems that are appropriate to the context of the building and the integration of which are well designed, use of PV that has generated an innovative concept.

This definition therefore excludes plants which are independent of the building such as panels mounted on supports fixed or laid on roofs or other parts of the building and whose sole function is the production of electricity, solutions which account for most photovoltaic surfaces currently installed.

Apart from buildings in the strict sense of the term, plants related to urban and transport structures (independent canopies, vehicle shelters, structures for sports or games, bus stops, etc.) are also considered.

PV plants must naturally satisfy energy production efficiency criteria, in particular with regards to the positioning and orientation of the modules and the absence of shade.